FAQ:Linux

Install

Install all my basic useful tools

Here is a command to install all the small tools that are quite useful

apt install vim screen zsh htop iftop iotop subversion git ndisc6 debian-goodies sipcalc pwgen lshw apt-file sudo lvm2 lshell apticron vlan

Multimedia

Be able to RIP DVDs with Handbrake

1. Follow http://www.videolan.org/developers/libdvdcss.html to install libdvdcss
2. Install and use Handbrake

 System

Bind9

apt install bind9

Certbot : Manage LetsEncrypt Certificate

Install certbot > 0.22 to get wildcard support

root@tidus:[~]# apt install certbot/stretch-backports python-certbot-apache/stretch-backports

Create a new cert for *.leurent.eu + *.leurent.ch

• Method using DNS to authenticate

root@tidus:[~]# certbot -d leurent.eu -d "*.leurent.eu" -d leurent.ch -d "*.leurent.ch" --manual --preferred-challenges dns certonly --server https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory --manual-public-ip-logging-ok
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator manual, Installer None
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
dns-01 challenge for leurent.eu
dns-01 challenge for leurent.eu
dns-01 challenge for leurent.ch
dns-01 challenge for leurent.ch
...
...
Please deploy a DNS TXT record under the name
_acme-challenge.leurent.eu with the following value:

ZjEircgvT924tGFSqg6C3CHKmW5g01voc7tiBGX94BE
...
IMPORTANT NOTES:
 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/leurent.eu/fullchain.pem
   Your key file has been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/leurent.eu/privkey.pem
   Your cert will expire on 2018-08-15. To obtain a new or tweaked
   version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot
   again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run
   "certbot renew"
 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:

   Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le

• Method creating a file in the web folder

root@tidus:[~]# certbot --authenticator webroot --installer apache --webroot-path /home/web/www.leurent.eu -d www.leurent.eu

Force Renewal

root@tidus:[~]# certbot renew --force-renewal
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/www.leurent.ch.conf
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Renewing an existing certificate
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for www.leurent.ch
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges
Generating key (2048 bits): /etc/letsencrypt/keys/0002_key-certbot.pem
Creating CSR: /etc/letsencrypt/csr/0002_csr-certbot.pem

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
new certificate deployed with reload of apache server; fullchain is
/etc/letsencrypt/live/www.leurent.ch/fullchain.pem
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Congratulations, all renewals succeeded. The following certs have been renewed:
  /etc/letsencrypt/live/www.leurent.ch/fullchain.pem (success)

Dovecot

apt install dovecot-imapd dovecot-managesieved dovecot-pop3d dovecot-sieve

GeoIP

Apache + GeoIP

• Install the needed packages ( NB: You need the contrib repo enabled )

apt install libapache2-mod-geoip geoip-bin geoip-database-contrib

• Here is an extract of /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/cacti.conf to enable GeoIP Restriction

/etc/apache2/conf-enabled/cacti.conf
Alias /cacti /usr/share/cacti/site

# Enable Geoip Module
GeoIPEnable On
GeoIPDBFile /usr/share/GeoIP/GeoIP.dat IndexCache
GeoIPDBFile /usr/share/GeoIP/GeoIPv6.dat IndexCache
# Allow only connection from Switzerland or France
SetEnvIf GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE FR AllowCountry_cacti
SetEnvIf GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE_V6 FR AllowCountry_cacti
SetEnvIf GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE CH AllowCountry_cacti
SetEnvIf GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE_V6 CH AllowCountry_cacti
<Directory /usr/share/cacti/site>
        Options +FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        <IfVersion >= 2.3>
                Require env AllowCountry_cacti
                #Require all granted
        </IfVersion> 
        <IfVersion < 2.3>
                Order Allow,Deny
                Allow from env=AllowCountry_cacti
        </IfVersion>

        AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

        <IfModule mod_php5.c>
                php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off
                php_flag short_open_tag On
                php_flag register_globals Off
                php_flag register_argc_argv On
                php_flag track_vars On
                # this setting is necessary for some locales
                php_value mbstring.func_overload 0
                php_value include_path .
        </IfModule>

        DirectoryIndex index.php
</Directory>

Iptables + GeoIP

• Install the needed packages

apt install xtables-addons-dkms libtext-csv-xs-perl

• Here is the cron file I use to download and format everything : /etc/cron.monthly/geoip

#/bin/bash
mkdir -p /usr/share/xt_geoip/Archives
cd /usr/share/xt_geoip
/usr/lib/xtables-addons/xt_geoip_dl
/usr/lib/xtables-addons/xt_geoip_build -D /usr/share/xt_geoip *.csv

Kibana + Elasticsearch + Logstash: Log Analyser

Kibana is a really powerful log analyser ( big data gathering and analyse )

•  Read https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/kibana/current/deb.html and install the repo
• Read https://github.com/robcowart/elastiflow to get up and running with some beautiful netflow analysis

wget -qO - https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/6.x/apt stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-6.x.list
apt update
apt install kibana elasticsearch elasticsearch-curator python-elasticsearch logstash 

systemctl enable logstash.service
systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
systemctl enable kibana.service

systemctl start logstash.service
systemctl start elasticsearch.service
systemctl start kibana.service

LDAP user backend

• Install slapd

apt install slapd
dpkg-reconfigure slapd

• Restore backup ( delete 2 first entries before )

(SCREEN):root@tidus:[~]# slapadd < slapcat_20161002.ldiff
-#################### 100.00% eta   none elapsed                 spd  25.7 k/s 
Closing DB...

• Install libpam-ldap and libnss-ldap

apt install libnss-ldap libpam-ldap

• Update /etc/nsswitch.conf to add ldap

 --- /etc/nsswitch.conf.old      2016-10-02 15:48:45.655784710 +0200
 +++ /etc/nsswitch.conf  2016-10-02 15:41:07.844051229 +0200
 @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
  # If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
  # `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.
  
 -passwd:         compat
 -group:          compat
 -shadow:         compat
 +passwd:         compat ldap
 +group:          compat ldap
 +shadow:         compat ldap
  gshadow:        files
  
  hosts:          files dns

Netflow

opkg install softflowd
softflowctl expire-all

 Postfix

apt install postfix